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Find Drivers for Unknown Devices with Hardware ID or Device ID. If downloading drivers in Top 1 method can’t fix the issue, that’s probably your Windows OS can’t recognize the device ID. You need to find out the ID in order to find the correct drivers. Go to Device Manager. How to Check the Hardware ID for a Windows Device. July 3rd, 2010. All hardware equipment uses an identifier to uniquely identify itself. This allows operating systems to recognize them and install the necessary software for them. In Windows this generally means that a device driver for the hardware.

• Sep 19, 2018  How to Find Hardware ID. WikiHow is a wiki similar to Wikipedia, which means that many of our articles are written collaboratively. Which should install the driver. If not, go the manufacturer website and download the driver. Not Helpful 0 Helpful 0. Ask a Question. 200 characters left. Include your email.
• Use the Microsoft Update Catalog to find and install Windows drivers and updates. Second thing you will need to know is what version of Windows you have and if it is 32-bit or 64-bit for the search results. If Device Manager cannot find a driver, I then use the hardware id.
• The reason this is done is to allow a device driver to be selected based on a match to any of these hardware identifiers. You can also use the hardware ID for a device to find drivers for that device by searching the Windows Update Catalog by clicking this link.

What happens when a hardware device matches two or more inf files when Windows is loading the drivers for that devices?

For example, the disk drive in my PC has two drivers loaded for it, cdrom.sys and iaStorF.sys. cdrom.sys was loaded from the cdrom.inf file and iaStorF.sys was loaded from the oem2.inf file that I installed from Intel.

Does Windows search all inf files and load anything that matches?

If so which is the 'primary INF file', what I mean by this in Device Manager when I click on the disk drive and go to the 'Details' tab, and then look at inf name, it shows cdrom.inf file, even though it also matched oem2.inf.

If I then look at my monitor, which also has two drivers for it loaded from two inf files, oem22.inf and monitor.inf. Under 'Details' and inf name, it shows oem22.inf.

Why did it choose oem22.inf over monitor.inf?

RJSmith92RJSmith92

2 Answers

Its actually one main driver. The other one you see is a filter driver -- iaStorF.sys, where F means filter.

A filter driver is a Microsoft Windows driver that extends or modifies the function of peripheral devices or supports a specialized device in the personal computer. It is a driver or program or module that is inserted into the existing driver stack to perform some specific function.(wikipedia)

Here is a screenshot of my system, for disk drives, its in

HKLMSystemCurrentControlSetControlClass{4D36E967-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318}

The main driver is disk.sys, the other 3 are all filter drivers, EhStoreClass.sys and partmgr.sys are default MS drivers in Windows 8, edevmon.sys is from eset.

For monitors, the additional inf is optional, used for extending the capacity, like color profile(.icm) or EDID information, these inf are not required for monitor to operate, only monitor.sys is necessary. (MSDN)

Some more info about filter driver, I'll just reproduce it here for future reference.(MSDN)

Filter drivers are optional drivers that add value to or modify the behavior of a device. A filter driver can service one or more devices. Bus Filter Drivers

Bus filter drivers typically add value to a bus and are supplied by Microsoft or a system OEM (see the Possible Driver Layers figure). Bus filter drivers are optional. There can be any number of bus filter drivers for a bus.

A bus filter driver could, for example, implement proprietary enhancements to standard bus hardware.

For devices described by an ACPI BIOS, the power manager inserts a Microsoft-supplied ACPI filter (bus filter driver) above the bus driver for each such device. The ACPI filter carries out device power policy and powers on and off devices. The ACPI filter is transparent to other drivers and is not present on non-ACPI machines. Lower-Level Filter Drivers

Lower-level filter drivers typically modify the behavior of device hardware (see the Possible Driver Layers figure). They are typically supplied by IHVs and are optional. There can be any number of lower-level filter drivers for a device.

A lower-level device filter driver monitors and/or modifies I/O requests to a particular device. Typically, such filters redefine hardware behavior to match expected specifications.

A lower-level class filter driver monitors and/or modifies I/O requests for a class of devices. For example, a lower-level class filter driver for mouse devices could provide acceleration, performing a nonlinear conversion of mouse movement data. Upper-Level Filter Drivers

Upper-level filter drivers typically provide added-value features for a device (see the Possible Driver Layers figure). Such drivers are usually provided by IHVs and are optional. There can be any number of upper-level filter drivers for a device.

An upper-level device filter driver adds value for a particular device. For example, an upper-level device filter driver for a keyboard could enforce additional security checks.

An upper-level class filter driver adds value for all devices of a particular class.

Some information can be found in this old Microsoft article (XP time)
How Windows determines the most suitable device driver to install during Setup :

When you run Windows Setup, you may have more than one set of device drivers or .inf files that work with a particular device. Both Setup and Plug and Play attempt to resolve these conflicts by selecting the device driver that is the most suitable match for the device that is being installed.

Plug and Play can search all the .inf files for the most suitable device driver to install for a particular device. Plug and Play does not stop its search on the first match that Plug and Play finds. Plug and Play continues to search all the .inf files that are listed in the search path of Plug and Play, as defined in the following registry entry:

DevicePath:Reg_Expand_SZ:%Systemroot%Inf

Setup builds a list of compatible device drivers that contained a match in an .inf file and assigns a 'rank' for each one that had been located. The rank can range from '0' to '0xFFFF' with 0 being the most suitable possible match and 0xFFFF the worst possible match. The device driver with the lowest rank is considered the most suitable possible match and is the device driver installed.

However, if two device drivers have the same lowest rank, Setup uses the device driver with the most recent date. If one of the device drivers is signed and the other device driver is unsigned, the unsigned device driver date is assigned a value of 0xFFFFFFFF, and the signed device driver is selected and installed.

It should be noted that by default a 64-bit Windows version will not acceptunsigned drivers as candidates. This is only possible in 32-bits Windows.

The following article contains the latest algorithm :How Windows Ranks Drivers

Windows assigns a rank to a driver that matches a device. The rank indicates how well the driver matches the device. A driver rank is represented by an integer that is equal to or greater than zero. The lower the rank, the better a match the driver is for the device.

The rank of a driver is a composite value that depends on how a driver is signed, the features that are supported by the driver, and the type of match between the device identification strings that are reported by a device and the device identification strings that are specified in the entries of an INF Models section of a driver INF file.

A rank is represented by a value of type DWORD. A rank is sum of a signature score, a feature score, and an identifier score. A rank is formatted as 0xSSGGTHHH, where S, G, T, and H are four-bitfields and the SS, GG, and THHH fields represent the three ranking scores, as follows:

• The signature score ranks a driver according to how a driver is signed. The signature score depends only on the value of the SS field. An unspecified signature score is represented as 0xSS0000000.

For an overview on how Windows Vista and later versions of Windows use a driver's signature to determine how the driver is installed, see Signature Categories and Driver Installation.

Basically, digital signatures by a Windows signing authority score the highest.

• The feature score ranks a driver based on the features that the driver supports. The feature score depends only on the value of the GG field. An unspecified feature score is represented as 0x00GG0000.

This information is specified inside the .inf file, so a manufacturer canorder his own drivers.

• The identifier score ranks a driver based on the type of match between a device identification string that is reported by a device and a device identification string that is listed in an entry of an INF Models section of a driver INF file. The identifier score depends only on the value of the THHH field. An unspecified identifier score is represented as 0x0000THHH.

This text is quite confused and confusing. See the link for a much better descriptionfor identifier score.

harrymcharrymc

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How To: Identifying and locating the correct driver for your laptop

You may need to download a driver for your device from support.toshiba.com for one of the following reasons:

• You installed new hardware.
• You want to update a driver for existing hardware.
• You are having trouble with existing hardware and need to reinstall the driver.

Locating the Correct Driver on support.toshiba.com

NOTE: For the following example we will be locating the driver for the webcam for a TOSHIBA Satellite C855-S5107 with Windows 7 Operating System.

Navigating to Drivers and Updates to find drivers

1. Open //support.toshiba.com/drivers.
2. In the search box enter the model or serial number of the machine that you need a driver for.
3. From the drop down list select your operating system
   
4. Next select the hardware you are looking for drivers for. In this example we are looking for an updated BIOS, so we will select 'BIOS'
   
5. From the available drivers, select the driver with the highest version number. In this example we will select V5.90

Opening Device Manager to find device hardware names

To find the correct driver for the hardware installed in you computer sometimes it will be neccessary to discover what the hardware manufacturer name is. The illustration below shows an example of how we can use device manager to discover that the audio card manufacturer is Conexant.

To learn how to open device manager locate your OS below for the steps to open device manager

Windows 7 / Vista:

1. Open the Start Menu.
2. Type 'Device Manager' in the Start Menu's search field.
3. Select 'Device Manager' from the search results.
4. Device Manager window will open and look similar to below.

Windows 8 and above:

1. Hold the Windows key.
2. While continuing to hold the Windows key, press the 'x' key to open a menu in the lower-left.
3. Select 'Device Manager.'
4. Device Manager window will open and look similar to below.

If you are having a problem with a specific piece of hardware:

• Pick the filter corresponding to that device on the Drivers & Updates page. (For example, if the problem is with graphics, select 'Display.')

Display drivers:

• Check the detailed specifications on your product's support page to see if you have Intel, nVidia, or AMD graphics.
• Select the Display filter and your OS filter on the Drivers & Updates page.
• Pick the top-most graphics driver that mentions your display brand (Intel, nVidia, AMD).
• Note that “Wireless display driver” is not the standard display driver.

Ethernet / LAN Drivers:

1. Open Device Manager
2. Expand “Network adapters”
3. Look for a network adapter that does not mention “VPN,” “Debug,” or “Wireless.” It may include the word “Ethernet.” Note the brand. Most likely it’s Intel, Broadcom, Atheros, or Realtek. (If you are unable to determine which entry of multiple is applicable but they’re both the same brand, you don’t actually need to determine which entry is applicable.)
4. Use “LAN” filter and OS filter on the Drivers & Updates page.
5. Download the top-most driver that mentions the brand you found earlier.

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Wireless Drivers:

• Follow the directions for Ethernet / LAN above but dismiss adapters that mention “VPN,” “Debug” and “Ethernet.” It may say “Wireless.” Use the 'Wi-Fi filter instead of 'LAN.'

Bluetooth Drivers:

• Find wireless card brand as described above in the Wireless Drivers section
• Use the network or other filter and OS filter on the Drivers & Updates page.
• Download “Bluetooth Stack” and the Bluetooth driver corresponding to that brand.

Camera Drivers:

• For most cases, use “Toshiba Web Camera Application.'

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If “Unknown device” is listed under “Other devices” Drivers:

• If everything’s working correctly, you most likely shouldn’t worry about it. Installing random drivers could cause problems.

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Use of any software made available for download from this system constitutes your acceptance of the Export Control Terms and the terms in the Toshiba end-user license agreement both of which you can view before downloading any such software.